LiNbO3 (Lithium Niobate Crystal)

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Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3) is widely used as electro-optic modulator and Q-switch for Nd:YAG, Nd:YLF and Ti:Sapphire lasers as well as modulator for fiber optics, etc. The transverse modulation is mostly employed for LiNbO3 crystal.

If a LiNbO3 with specifications listed in the following Table is used as Q-switch crystal, i.e., the light propagates in z-axis and electric field applies to x-axis, the refractive retardation will be Γ=лLnr22V/λd. The electro-optic coefficients of LiNbO3 are: r33 = 32 pm/V, r31 = 10 pm/V, r22 = 6.8 pm/V at low frequency and r33 = 31 pm/V, r31 = 8.6 pm/V, r22 = 3.4 pm/V at high electric frequency.

LiNbO3 General specification for Q-Switch application:

Main Specifications
Aperture 4x4mm ~ 9x9mm
Length 15~25mm
Tolerance of size +/-0.1mm
Chamfer <0.5mm x 45°
Accuracy of orientation <5 arc min
Parallelism <10 arc sec
Finish 20/10 scratch/dig
Flatness l/8 at 632.8 nm
Electrodes Gold or Cr electrode on X-faces
Wavefront Distortion <l/4 at 632.8 nm
Extinction Ratio >400:1 @ 633nm, dia 6mm beam
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